Aquatic Insects of Michigan
by Ethan Bright, Museum of Zoology Insect Division and School of Natural Resources and Environment
University of Michigan
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- Keys/Identification
- Aquatic Insects of Michigan
Phryganeidae
Introduction
under construction
Adults (adapted from Wiggins 1998)
| 1a | a. Forewings yellow with dark brown reticulations |
Oligostomis ocelligera (Walker) |
| b. Hind wings largely uniform dark brown except for yellow band that curves to follow the posterior margin | ||
| 1b | a. Forewings not colored as above | 2 |
| 2a(1b) | a. Maxillary palpi with four segments |
Males, 3 |
| b. External genitalia with paired, articulated appendages | ||
| 2b | a. Maxillary palpi with five segments | Females, 9 |
| b. External genitalia lacking paired, articulated appendages | ||
| 3a(2a) | Ab9 sternum with posteroventral margin flattened, with concavity or with sclerotized points or ridges |
4 |
| 3b | Ab9 sternum with posteroventral margin simple in outline, sometimes scoop-like but lacking structures as above | 6 |
| 4a(3a) | Ab9 sternum extended beneath the bases of the inferior appendages as a broad ledge with a caudal concavity bordered by stout teeth |
Ptilostomis |
| 4b | Ab9 sternum not extended as a broad ledge beneath the bases of the inferior appendages, and marginal teeth lacking | 5 |
| 5a(4b) | Ab9 sternum with an invaginated pocket bordered by raised, roughened margins |
Hagenella canadensis (Banks) |
| 5b | Ab9 sternum with a short, horizontal ledge between the inferior appendages | Beothukus complicatus (Banks) |
| 6a(3b) | a. Ab10 with an enlarged basal process extending posteriorly to apex of the inferior appendages or beyond, with a cluster of stout, spine-like seate or points at the apex |
Phryganea |
| b. Phallotheca short, itx apex extended ventrally into two sclerotized prongs or dentate processes | ||
| c. Length of fore wing 17-25 mm | ||
| 6b | a. Ab10 lacking enlarged processes and clusters of stout, spine-like seate as above | 7 |
| b. Length of fore wing variable, 9-26 mm | ||
| 7a(6b) | a. Inferior appendages with adjacent ventromesal edges enlarged, meeting on the median line, sometimes apparently fused, and in some species with sclerotized points | Banksiola |
| also: Inferior appendages with a slender terminal segment continuously sclerotized dorsolaterally but connected mesally by a membranous area bearing a small, dark sclerite | ||
| 7b | a. Inferior appendages with adjacent mesal edges not greatly enlarged, and not meeting along the median line | 8 |
| also: Phallotheca an elongate,l sclerotized tub | ||
| 8a(7b) | Phallotheca with a pair of stout, hook-like endothecal spines arising from the ventral surface near apex |
Fabria inornata (Banks) |
| 8b | Phallotheca either lacking endothecal spines, or if two or more spines are present, these are straight and slender, not hook-like | Agrypnia |
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| 9a(2b) | In ventral view, subgenital plate narrowed towards the apex | 10 |
| 9b | In ventral view, subgenital plate not narrowed towards apex, rather its posterior margin broad and more or less truncate | 12 |
| 10a(9a) | Apex of the subgenital plate with a single median ovoid lobe, or a pair of flap-like lobes | Agrypnia |
| 10b | Apex of the subgenital plate with 2-3 processes, in some species somewhat blade-like in appearance | 11 |
| 11a(10b) | a. Ab10 with prominent thumb-like lateral lobes | Beothukus complicatus (Banks) |
| b. Fore wing length about 12 mm | ||
| 11b | a. Ab10 lacking lateral lobes | Phryganea |
| b. Larger insects, fore wing length 22-29 mm | ||
| 12a(9b) | Posterior margin of the subgenital plate broadly rounded, and without lobes or processes | Fabria inornata (Banks) |
| 12b | Posterior margin of the subgenital plate extended into apical lobes or processes | 13 |
| 13a(12b) | a. Subgenital plate terminated into lobes and processes of different types, but not as small, triangular-shaped median lobe | Banksiola |
| also: Posterior margin of the subgenital plate with with processes and lobes usually arranged in groups of three or four | ||
| 13b | Subgenital plate terminated into a small, median lobe, usually triangular in shape, with a slender, finger-like process on each side | 14 |
| 14a(13b) | Opening to the genital passage overhung by a sclerotized, hood-like structure | Hagenella canadensis (Banks) |
| 14b | Opening to the genital passage not overhung by a sclerotized, hook-like structure | Ptilostomis |
Pupae (adapted from Wiggins 1998)
| 1a | Pupa decticous, mandibles with sclerotized blades pointed | 2 |
| 1b | Pupa adecticous, mandibles reduced to short, membranous lobes that lack blades | 4 |
| 2a(1a) | In dorsal view, dorsomedian process of Ab1 long, extended well beyond the mid-point of Ab2, with its apex deeply notched | Fabria inornata (Banks) |
| 2b | In dorsal view, dorsomedian process of Ab1 usually shorter, not extended beyond the mid-point of Ab2, and its apex less deeply notched | 3 |
| 3a(2b) | a. Mandibular blade extended at an abrupt angle from the base | Phryganea |
| also: Dorsal hook-plates present on Ab4-7; Ab9 with two angular dorsal lobes, each bearing seta, just anterad of the anal processes | ||
| 3b | a. Mandibular blade evenly curved from the base to apex | Agrypnia |
| also: Mandibles pointed and longer than labrum, blade substantially longer than its base, the two delimited by a mesal constriction | ||
| 4a(1b) | Front of head in lateral and dorsal aspects extended prominently | Hagenella canadensis (Banks) |
| also: Anal processes evenly rounded, not emarginate | ||
| 4b | Front of head rounded between the eyes, but not prominently extended as above | 5 |
| 5a(4b) | Labrum narrow, its basal half constricted |
Beothukus complicatus (Banks) |
| 5b | Labrum wider, its basal half not constricted | 6 |
| 6a(5b) | Anal processes flattened but scarely concave dorsally |
Oligostomis ocelligera (Walker) |
| 6b | Anal processes flattened and strongly concave dorsally | 7 |
| 7a(6b) | Anal processes short, rounded to truncate in lateral aspect |
Ptilostomis |
| 7b | Anal processes longer, tapered in lateral aspect | Banksiola |
Larvae (adapted from Wiggins 1998)
| 1a | a. Mesonotum with prominent sclerites at the sa1 positions, which are clearly separated by a membranous median area | 2 |
| b. Larval case of ring construction | ||
| 1b | a. Mesonotum lacking sclerites at the sa1 positions | 3 |
| b. Larval case of spiral or ring construction | ||
| 2a(1a) | Antennae long, approximately equal in length to the diameter of the cluster of pigmented stemmata | Beothukus complicatus (Banks) |
| 2b | Antennae shorter than above | Oligostomis ocelligera (Walker) |
| 3a(1b) | a. Coxal combs of fore legs well developed, their structure apparent at magnification of approximately 50x | 4 |
| b. Case usually of spiral form, but never ring construction | ||
| 3b | a. Coxal combs of fore legs small, appearing as tiny raised points at magnifications of approximately 50x | 5 |
| b. Case of spiral or ring construction | ||
| 4a(3a) | a. No sternellum present between the prothoracic coxae | Phryganea |
| b. Coxal combs on both pro- and mesothoracic legs large, and with basal axes transverse to the long axis of the coxae | ||
| 4b | a. Sternellum usually present between prothoracic coxae | Agrypnia |
| b. Coxal combs on prothoracic legs with the axis of the base transverse to the long axis of the coxa, coxal combs of the mesothoracic legs both transverse and parallel to the long axis of the coxa | ||
| 5a(3b) | a. Meso- and metanota with a pair of longitudinal, irregular dark bands | Banksiola |
| b. Case of spiral construction | ||
| 5b | a. Meso- and metanota mostly uniform in color, without irregular dark bands | 6 |
| b. Case of spiral or ring construction | ||
| 6a(5b) | a. Head and pronotum uniform light brown, lacking contrasting light and dark markings except for muscle scars | Hagenella canadensis (Banks) |
| b. Case of ring construction | ||
| 6b | a. Head and pronotum with dark markings contrasting prominently with the light ground color | 7 |
| b. Case of spiral or ring construction | ||
| 7a(6b) | a. Pronotum with a dark band only along the anterior border | Fabria inornata (Banks) |
| b. Case basically of spiral construction but with trailing ends that convey a bushy, irregular appearance | ||
| 7b | a. Pronotum with a transverse dark band on each side, but central in position and not extended to the anterior border | Ptilostomis |
| b. Case of ring construction | ||
References
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Wiggins GB. 1998. The caddisfly family Phryganeidae (Trichoptera). University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada. xi + 306 p.
Page created: October 14, 2003; Last edited: November 07, 2013 (EB)