Aquatic Insects of Michigan

by Ethan Bright, Museum of Zoology Insect Division and School of Natural Resources and Environment
University of Michigan
Toggle Menu

    Semiaquatic Chrysomelidae (Leaf Beetles) of Michigan

    Introduction

    The great majority of species in this very large beetle family of the Polyphaga are terrestrial, but a few taxa, which are phytophagous upon Nymphaeaceae and other aquatic plants, have become associated with, or adapted to, aquatic habitats (Jolivet and Hawkeswood 1995). The ecology of aquatic and semiaquatic chrysomelids has been summarized by Jolivet and Verma (2002). Larvae of all aquatic species (Donaciinae) use a pair of specialized hooks at the end of the abdomen to tap oxygen from air-containing chambers in plant tissue. Mandibles of the larvae are adapted to macerate plant tissue, and the maxilliary galea and lacinia are adapted to use pharyngeal suction of plant fluids. Larvae construct pupal chambers on their host plants, which is connected to the plant's air cavities. As in the aquatic-adapted Curculionidae, semiaquatic taxa utilize cuticular waxes and hairs as a respiratory plastron or to aid in swimming.

    Species citations are based on Downie and Arnett (1996), and this list must be considered provisional as no other literature has been consulted, or musuem specimens examined.

    Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802

      Disonycha Chevrolat, 1844 (Subfamily Galerucinae, Tribe Alticini)
        [not all species in genus are semiaquatic, and I have tried to omit terrestrial species; on Amaranthaceae]
        Disonycha admirabilis Blatchley, 1924 - IN, OH (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1370)
        Disonycha alternata (Illiger, 1807 as Haltica) - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1370 (on Salix, willow; perhaps periaquatic)
        Disonycha latifrons laticollis Schaeffer, 1919 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1370 (found in wetlands on goldenrod; perhaps periaquatic)
        Disonycha pensylvanica (Illiger, 1807 as Haltica) - (on Polygonum spp.)
        Disonycha procera Casey, 1884 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1370 (on Polygonum spp.)
        Disonycha uniguttata (Say, 1824 as Altica) - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1370

      Donaciella Rietter, 1920: 38 (Subfamily Donaciinae)
        Donaciella pubicollis (Suffrian, 1872: 21 as Donacia) - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1289 (on Phragmites spp., reed-grass, and Nymphaea spp., water lilies)
          (syn.) Donacia pubicollis Crotch (1872:21, not Suffrian, 1872:21)

      Donacia Fabricius, 1775 (Subfamily Donaciinae)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) biimpressa Melsheimer, 1847: 159 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1298 (on Carex spp., Scirpus spp., bulrushes)
          (syn.) Donacia aurichalcea Melsheimer, 1847:159)
          (syn.) Donacia torosa LeConte, 1851:313
        Donacia (Donaciomima) caerulea Olivier, 1795: 10 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296 (on Sagittaria spp.; also on Acorus calamus sweet flag, and Pontederia cordata, pickerel weed); Pine Creek, 10 mi S Battle Creek, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
          (syn.) Donacia aequalis Say, 1824:248
          (syn.) Donacia confusa, Lacordaire 1845:109, not LeConte, 1851
          (syn.) Donacia confusa LeConte 1851:313, not Lacordaire, 1845
        Donacia (Donaciomima) cazieri Marx, 1957: 213 - Munising Tourist Park (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008) (Downie and Arnet 1996:1298, on Carox limosa, mud sedge)
        Donacia (Donacia) cincticornis Newman, 1838: 391 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1295 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies, Potamogeton spp. pondweed, Nymphoides spp., floating heart)
          (syn.) Donacia lucida Lacordaire, 1845:106
          (syn.) Donacia rufipennis Lacordaire, 1845:110
          (syn.) Donacia pulchella LeConte, 1851:312
          (syn.) Donacia antillarum Suffrain, 1864:282
          (syn.) Donacia cincticornis var. tryphera Schaeffer, 1925:81
          (syn.) Donacia cincticornis var. tenuis Schaeffer, 1925:82
        Donacia (Donaciomima) confluenta Say, 1827: 293 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1297 (on Sparganium spp., bur-reeds); Pine Creek, 10 mi S Battle Creek, MI; ditch along Mitchell Lake Rd., MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) cuprea Kirby, 1837: 225 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296 (on Scirpus occidentalis)
          (syn.) Donacia curticollis Knab, 1905:122
        Donacia (Donaciomima) distincta Leconte, 1851: 313 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1298 (on Carex spp. sedges, Scirpus spp., bulrushes)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) fulgens Leconte, 1851: 312 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296-1297 (on Sparganium angustifolium, narrow leafed bur-reed, Pontederia cordata, pickerel weed); small lake near Lake City, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) hirticollis Kirby, 1837: 226 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296 (on Potamogeton spp., other aquatic plants); small lake near Lake City, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
          (syn.) Donacia rudicollis Lacordaire, 1845:108
        Donacia (Donaciomima) liebecki Schaeffer, 1919: 314 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1297 (on Nymphaea spp., Nymphar spp., Orontium aquaticum, floating arum)
          (syn.) Donacia pallipes Lacordaire, 1845:149
        Donacia (Donaciomima) limonia Schaeffer, 1925: 100 (as D. biimpressa var. limonia) - IN, ON, may occur in s. LP (Downie and Arnett 1996:1298; on Carex spp., sedges, and Scirpus spp., bulrushes)
          (syn.) Donacia biimpressa var. limonia Schaeffer, 1925: 100 (Askevold 1991: 177)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) magnifica Leconte, 1851: 310 - ON, MN, widespread (Downie and Arnett 1996:1297 (on Potamogeton spp., pond weeds, Sagittaria spp., arrow leaf)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) megacornis Blatchley, 1910: 1103 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1297 (on Nymphaea spp., Nymphar spp.)
          (syn.) Donacia megatocera Weise 1913:118
        Donacia (Donacia) palmata Olivier, 1795: 8 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1294 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies); ; small lake near Lake City, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
          (syn.) Donacia claudicans Germar, 1821:173
          (syn.) Donacia palmata angustipes Marx, 1957:237
        Donacia (Donacia) parvidens Schaeffer, 1919: 311 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1295 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies)
        Donacia (Donacia) piscatrix Lacordaire, 1845: 113 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1294-1295 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies); shallow lake E Tacoma Lake, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
          (syn.) Donacia carolina Lacordaire, 1845:114
          (syn.) Donacia cuprea Melsheimer, 1847:158, not Kirby, 1837
          (syn.) Donacia alutacea LeConte, 1851:311
          (syn.) Donacia congener LeConte, 1851:310
        Donacia (Donaciomima) porosicollis Lacordaire, 1845: 150 - MN, ON, expect in Isle Royale, w UP (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1298; on Carex spp. sedges, and Scirpus spp. nut rushes)
        Donacia (Donacia) proxima Kirby, 1837: 225 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1295 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies)
          (syn.) Donacia espiscopalis Lacordaire, 1845:105
          (syn.) Donacia california LeConte, 1861:357
          (syn.) Donacia caerulea, sensu Schaeffer 1925 and Marx 1957
        Donacia (Donaciomima) pubescens Leconte, 1868: 55 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296 (on Scirpus occidentalis)
        Donacia (Donacia) rufescens: 112 Lacordaire, 1845 - IN, OH, ON (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1295 (on Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp., water lilies), widespread east)
        Donacia (Donaciomima) rugosa Leconte, 1851: 415 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1298 (on Pontederia cordata, pickerel weed)
          (syn.) Donacia aenea Ahrens, 1810: 21 (not Hoppe 1875:44, not Gistel 1857:524)
          (syn.) Donacia quadricollis Say, 1827: 282
          (syn.) Donacia aerea Lacordaire, 1845: 148 (not Schrank, 1798)
          (syn.) Donacia subtilis magistrigata Mead, 1938: 113
        Donacia (Donaciomima) subtilis Kunze, 1818: 12 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1297 (on Sparganium spp., bur-reeds); Kalamazoo River, 4 mi E Douglas, MI; Fawn River, 1 mi E Constantine, MI (Kölsch & Pedersen 2008)
        Donacia (Donacia) texana Crotch, 1873: 22 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1295-1296 (on Nymphaea spp. water lilies)
          (syn.) Donacia texana var. minor Schaeffer, 1925:72
        Donacia (Donaciomima) tuberculifrons Schaeffer, 1919: 315 - Downie and Arnett 1996:1296 (on Scirpus paludosus, Sparganium spp., Carex spp., Acorus calamus sweet flag)

      Hydrothassa Thomson, 1866
        [Ranunculus and marsh vegetation]
        Hydrothassa boreella Schaeffer, 1928 - widespread, expect northern Michigan (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1346)
        Hydrothassa obliquata (Leconte, 1866 as Prasocuris) - IN, OH (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1346)
        Hydrothassa ovalis (Blatchley, 1910 as Prasocuris) - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1346, on Carex spp.
        Hydrothassa vittata (Olivier, 1808 as Helodes) - IN, OH, widespread (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1346)
          (syn.) Hydrothassa trivittata (Say)
          (syn.) Hydrothassa varipes (LeConte)

      Neohaemonia Székessy, 1941: 148
        Neohaemonia flagellata Askevold, 1988: 390 - IL, IN, ON, MN (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1289; widespread, on Potamogeton spp.)
        Neohaemonia melsheimeri (Lacordaire, 1845: 211 as Haemonia) - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1289; on Potamogeton spp.
        Neohaemonia minnesotensis Askevold, 1988: 388 - Downie and Arnett 1996: 1289; on Potamogeton spp.
        Neohaemonia nigricornis (Kirby, 1837: 222 as Haemonia) - MN, ON, WI, widespread (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1288-1289; on Potamogeton spp.)
          (syn.) Haemonia americana Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 249

      Plateumaris Thomson, 1859: 154
        Plateumaris aurifera (LeConte, 1851: 313 as Donacia) - MN (Askevold 1991: 155; expect in northern UP, on Carex, Scirpus and Eleocharis)
        Plateumaris diversa (Schaeffer, 1925: 143 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 40, 151 (ESGR, Livinston Co.; on sedges in moist meadows)
          (syn.) Donacia harrisi Blatchley, 1910:1105 (misid.)
        Plateumaris flavipes (Kirby, 1837: 223 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 156 (on Carex, Scirpus and Eleocharis)
          (syn.) Donacia wallisi Schaeffer, 1925: 147
        Plateumaris frosti (Schaeffer, 1925: 136) - Askevold 1991: 164 (on Carex esp. stricta Lam., Scirpus and Eleocharis), Kölsch & Pedersen 2008: 938 (Soldier Lake [46.349N, -84.867W], Chippewa Co.)
        Plateumaris fulvipes (Lacordaire, 1845: 192) - Askevold 1991: 158 (on Carex, Scirpus and Eleocharis)
          (syn.) Donacia fulvipes Dejean, 1837 (nom.nudum)
        Plateumaris germari (Mannerheim, 1843: 306 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 157 (on Carex, Scirpus, Juncus and Eleocharis)
          (syn.) Donacia flavipennis Mannerheim, 1843: 306
          (syn.) Donacia dives LeConte, 1851: 314
          (syn.) Donacia serricauda Schaeffer, 1919: 318
          (syn.) Donacia femoralis LeConte, 1851 (misid.)
        Plateumaris metallica (Ahrens, 1810: 33 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 160 (on Carex, Scirpus, and Juncus affinis R. Brown, adventitious on other plants)
          (syn.) Donacia femoralis, Kirby (1837: 223), Lacordaire, 1845
          (syn.) Donacia cataractae Newman (1838: 391)
          (syn.) Donacia parva Lacordaire (1845: 190)
          (syn.) Donacia indica Melsheimer (1847: 158)
          (syn.) Donacia nana Melsheimer (1847: 160)
          (syn.) Donacia gentilis LeConte (1851: 314)
        Plateumaris nitida (Germar, 1811: 31 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 163 (on Carex, Scirpus and Eleocharis, adventitious on other plants), Kölsch & Pedersen 2008: 938 (M-115 at Middle Branch River, [44.088N, -85.231W], Osceola Co.)
          (syn.) Donacia emarginata Kirby, 1837: 224, var. pacifica Schaeffer, 1925: 135
          (syn.) Donacia juncina Couper, 1864: 88
        Plateumaris pusilla (Say, 1827: 293 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 153 (on Carex, Scirpus, Juncus and Eleocharis, adventitious on other plants)
          (syn.) Donacia rugifrons Newman, 1838: 391, (nom.nudum), Lacordaire, 1845
          (syn.) Donacia pyritosa LeConte, 1857(1860): 66
          (syn.) Donacia cuprea Crotch, 1873:31 (misid.)
        Plateumaris robusta (Schaffer, 1919: 318 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 154 (on Carex, Scirpus and Eleocharis)
        Plateumaris rufa (Say, 1827: 283 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 152 (on Carex and Scirpus)
          (syn.) Donacia sulcicollis Dejean, 1837 (nom.nudum), Lacordaire, 1845: 186
          (syn.) Donacia affis Kirby, 1837: 224
          (syn.) Donacia chalcea Lacordaire, 1845: 188
          (syn.) Donacia kirbyi Lacordaire, 1845: 202
          (syn.) Donacia jacunda LaConte, 1850: 315 (nom.nudum), 1851
        Plateumaris shoemakeri (Schaeffer, 1925 as Donacia) - Askevold 1991: 159 (on Acorus calamus L., accidental or adventitious on other plants)
          (syn.) Donacia flavipes var. shoemakeri Schaeffer, 1925 (syn.) Donacia flavipes var. lodingi Schaeffer, 1925 (misid.) Plateumaris chalcea, Askevold, 1990
        Plateumaris schaefferi Askevold, 1991: 162 - Askevold 1991: 162

      Prasocuris Latreille, 1802
        Prasocuris phellandrii (Linnaeus, 1758 as Chrysomela) - IN, OH, ON, widespread (Downie and Arnett 1996: 1345, on Caltha spp. (marsh marigold) and Sium suave (water parsnip)

      Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1866
        [not aquatic]
        Pyrrhalta (Tricholochomaea) alni (Fall, 1924) Galerucella (orig.) - Downie and Arnett 1996:1352 (on Alnis, alder; periaquatic)
        Pyrrhalta (Tricholochomaea) decora (Say, 1824) Galleruca (orig.) - Downie and Arnett 1996 (on Salix, willow; perhaps periaquatic)
        Pyrrhalta (Neogalerucalla) quebecensis (Brown, 1938) Galerucella (orig.) - Downie and Arnett 1996:1350 (on Potentialla palustris, cinquefoil; periaquatic)
        Pyrrhalta (Tricholochomaea) ribicola (Brown, 1938) Galerucella (orig.) - Downie and Arnett 1996:1352 (on Ribes, gooseberry; periaquatic, especially bogs)
        Pyrrhalta (Tricholochomaea) tuberculata (Say, 1824) Galleruca (orig.) - Downie and Arnett 1996:1352, (on Salix, willow; perhaps periaquatic)

      References - Taxonomic and Distribution

        Askevold IS. 1987a. The identity of Donacia cuprea Kirby, 1837 and Donacia quadricollis Say, 1827, with a taxonomic revision of members of the Donacia subtilis Kunze group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae). The Canadian Entomologist 119: 629-645.
        Askevold IS. 1987b. The identity of Donacia caerulea Olivier, 1795 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae). The Coleopterists’ Bulletin 41: 345-349.
        Askevold IS. 1988. The genus Neohaemonia Sz6kessy in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae): systematics, reconstructed phylogeny and geographic history. Transaction of the American Entomological Society 113: 360-430.
        Askevold IS. 1990. Reconstructed phylogeny and reclassification of the genera of Donaciinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Quaestiones Entomologicae 26: 601-664.
        Askevold IS. 1991. Classification, reconstructed phylogeny and geographic history of the New World members of PIateumaris Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Memoirs of the Canadian Entomological Society 157: 1-175.
        Askevold IS. 1991. An annotated list of Nearctic Donaciinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): the generic classification and type specimens of the New World species. Psyche 98: 165-192.
        Becker EC. 1974. Designation of lectotypes for 13 species of Coleoptera described by Couper in 1864 and 1865. Annales de la Soci6t6 entomologique de Qu6bec 19: 62-73.
        Blatchley WS. 1910. An illustrated descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera or beetles (exclusive of the Rhynchophoral known to occur in Indiana with bibliography and descriptions of new species. Bulletin no. 1 Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources. Indianapolis, Indiana, 1386 pp., illus. Reprinted by Nature Publishing Co. in 1910. VIEW .
        Blatchley WS. 1930. Blatchleyana. A list of published writings of W.S. Blatchley, A.B., A.M., L.L.D. of Indianapolis, Indiana and Dunedin, Florida. Together with a chronology of his life: the fixation of types of new genera and species described by him, etc., etc. Nature Publ. Co., Indianapolis. 77 pp.
        Borowiec L. 1984. Zoogeographical study on Donaciinae of the world (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Polski Pismo Entomologiczne. 53:433-518.
        Brivio C, Balsbaugh EU, Jr. 1984. New genitalic characters for distinguishing Donacia subtilis Kunze and D. fulgens LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Coleopts. Bull. 38: 305-311.
        Chen SH. 1941. Notes on donaciine beetles. Sinensia 12: 1-17.
        Clark H. 1866. A catalogue of Phytophaga (Coleoptera, Pseudotetramera). Appendix. Williams & Morgate, London and Edinburgh. + 88 pp.
        Clavareau H. 1913. Sagrinae, Donaciinae and Criocerinae, In Junk, W. and S. Schenkling, Editors. Coleopterorum Catalogus 51: 1-103.
        Couper W. 1864. Paper V. List of Coleoptera and Diptera taken at Quebec, and other parts of Lower Canada. Transactions of the Library and Historical Society of Quebec. New Series, Part 2. Session of 1863-1864: 75-93.
        Crotch GR. 1873. Materials for the study of the Phytophaga of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 25: 19-83.
        Downie NM, Arnett RH. 1996. The beetles of Northeastern North America. Volume I. Introduction; Suborders Archostemata, Adephaga, and Polyphaga, thru Superfamily Cantharoidea. The Sandhill Crane Press: Gainesville, Florida. xiv + 880 pp.
        Fabricius JC. 1775. Systema entomologiae : sistens insectorvm classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibvs, observationibvs. Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae: In Officina Libraria Kortii. 832 p. VIEW.
        Frison TH. 1937. A list of the insect types in the collections of the Illinois State Natural History Survey and the University of Illinois. Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey 16: 137-309. Germar EF. 1811. II. Nachtrige zu Ahrens Monographie der Rohrkifer. Neue Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle I: 26-38. 1821. In Wiedemann, C.R.W. and E.F. Germar. Neue exotische Kifer beschrieben yon Wiedemann und Germar. Magazin der Entomologie 4: 107-183.
        Gistel JNFX. 1857. Achthundert und zwanzig neue oder unbeschriebene wirbellose Thiere. Vacuna 2: 513-606. [Also published separately, Straubing, Schorner, 1857. $: 94 pp, under the title "Vacuna oder die Geheimnisse BUS der organischen und leblosen Welt." The former is usually cited.]
        Goecke H. 1931. Die Gattung Sominella Jocobson (Col. Chrys. Donaciini) (1. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Donaciinen). Entomologische Bliitter ftir Biologie und Systematik der Kiifer. 27: 152-161, plate.
        Guirin-Miniville FE. 1944. Iconographie du Rgne Animal de G. Cuvier, repr6sentation d’aprs nature de l’une des espces les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figur6es, de chaque genre d’animaux. Tome III. Paris, J.B. Baillire, 1829-1844. 8. 576 pp, 104 plates.
        Hatch MH. 1938. A new species of Donacia from Washington. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 14: 110-112.
        Hatch MH. 1971. The Beetles of the Pacific Northwest Part V. Rhipiceroidea, Sternoxi, Phytophaga, Rhynchophora, and Lamellicornia. University of Washington Publications in Biology Vol. 16. xiv + 662 pp.
        Haupt H. 1956. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der eozinen Arthropodenfauna des Geiseltales. Nova Acta Leopoldina (N.F.) 18:90 pp.
        Hoppe DH. 1795. Enumeration Insectorum elytratorum circa Erlangam indigenarum secundum systema Fabricianum observationibus iconibusque illustrata. Erlangae, Palm 1795. iv + 70 pp + pl.
        Jacoby M. 1884. Beschreibung neuer Phytophagen. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung 45: 126-128.
        Jacoby M, Clavareau H. 1904. Coleoptera Phytophaga Fam. Donacidae. In P. Wytsman, Genera Insectorum 21: 1-14, plate.
        Jolivet P. 1970. Donaciinae. In Junk, W. Editor. Coleoptm. Cat. Suppl. Pars 51. Fasc. 2.71 pp. W.O. Steel, Gravenhage.
        Kirby W. 1837. The Insects. in Richardson J, Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of British America: containing descriptions of the objects of natural history collected on the late northern land expeditions, under command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N., Part 4. London. xxxix + 249 pp. VIEW.
        Knab F. 1905. A new species of Donacia. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 7: 122-123.
        Kunze G. 1818. I. Beitrige zur Monographie der Rohrkifer. Neue Schriften der naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle. 2: 1-56.
        Lacordaire TH. 1845. Monographie des col6optres subpentam6res de la famille des phytophages. Tome 1. M6moires de la Soci6t6 Royale des Sciences de Liege. Tome 3 (pt. 1). xiii + 740 pp.
        Leconte JL. 1851. Synopsis of the species of Donacia (Fabr.) inhabiting the United States. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 5: 310-316.
        Leconte JL. 1857 (1860). No. 1. Report upon the insects collected on the Survey, pp 1-72 In, Report of Explorations and Surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, made under the direction of .the Secretary of War in 1853-5. Volume XII Book II. Washington, T.H. Ford
        Leconte JL. 1860. 1861. New species of Coleoptera inhabiting the Pacific district of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1861: 338-359.
        Leconte JL. 1868. New Coleoptera collected on the Survey for the extension of the Union Pacific Railway, E.D. from Kansas to Fort Craig, New Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 2: 49-64.
        Leconte JL. 1878. Additional descriptions of new species. Pp. 373-434 In, J.L. LeConte and E.A Schwarz, Editors. Coleoptera of Florida and Michigan. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 1878: 353-669.
        Leng CW. 1891. Revision of the Donaciae of Boreal America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 18: 159-176.
        Mannerheim CG. 1843. Beitrag zur Kaefer-Fauna der Aleutischen Inseln, der Insel Sitkha und Neu- Californiens. Bulletin de la Soci6t6 Imp6riale des Naturalistes de Moscou 16: 175-314.
        Marx EJF. 1957. A Review of the subgenus Donacia in the Western Hemisphere (Coleoptera: Donaciidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 112: 191-278.
        Mead AR. 1938. New subspecies and notes on Donacia with key to the species of the Pacific States. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 14:113-120.
        Medvedev LN. 1973. New Leaf Beetles from Palaearctic. Entomological Review of Washington 52: 562-568. [Translated from: Ent. Obozr. 52: 876-885.]
        Melsheimer FE. 1847. Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera of the United States. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 3: 158-181.
        Newman E. 1838. Entomological Notes. The Entomological Magazine V (1838): 532 pp. plates 17-18.
        Olivier AG. 1795. Entomologie, ou Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, avec leur caractres generiques et sp6cifiques, leur description, leur synonymie, et leur figure enlumin6e. Col6optres. Tome 4, no. 75. Paris, Baudonin.
        Reitter E. 1920. Bestimmungs-Tabelle der europiischen Donaciini, mit Berticksichtigung der Arten der paliarktischen Region. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung 38: 21-43.
        Say T. 1824. Descriptions of Coleopterous insects collected in the late Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 3: 403-462.
        Say T. 1827. Descriptions of new species of Coleopterousoinsects inhabiting the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 5: 237-284, 293-304.
        Schaeffer C. 1919. Synonymical and other notes on some species of the family Chrysomelidae and descriptions of new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 27: 307-340. 1925. Revision of the new world species of the tribe Donaciini of the Coleopterous family Chrysomelidae. Brooklyn Museum Science Bulletin 3: 45-165.
        von Paul Schrank F. 1798. Fauna Boica. Niirnberg. (Ingolstadt, Landshut) 1: 293-720.
        Solsky S. 1872. Col6optbres de la Sib6rie orientale. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae 8: 232-277.
        Suffrian CWLE. 1864. Verzeichniss der von Dr. Gundlach auf der Insel Cuba gesammelten Chrysomelinen. Archiv ftir Naturgeschichte 1:281-347.
        Suffrian CWLE. 1872. Synonymische Miscellaneen. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung. 33:11-22.
        Szikessy V. 1941. Die zur Gattung Haemonia Latr. gestellten Arten aus Amerika (Coleopt, Chrysomelidae). Mtinchner entomologische Gesellschaft, Mitteilungen, 31: 148-154.
        Thomson CG 1859. Skandinaviens Coleoptera, Synoptisk Bearbetade I. Berlingska, Lund. iv + 1-161 + 1-290.
        Weise J. 1913. Synonymische Bemerkungen. Wiener entomologische Zeitung 32: 17-18.
        Wilcox JA. 1954. Leaf Beetles of Ohio (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 3: 353-506.

      Page created: November 01, 2002; Last update June 17, 2020 (EB)